Nangona le ngxaki ingafanelanga ukukhankanywa kumhlophe wakudala we-elektroniki, kodwa kubahlobo abaqalayo be-microcontroller, baninzi kakhulu abantu ababuza lo mbuzo.Kuba ndingumqali, kufuneka ndikwazise ngokufutshane ukuba yintoni i-relay.
I-relay yinto yokutshintsha, kwaye olu tshintsho lulawulwa yikhoyili ngaphakathi kuyo.Ukuba i-coil inamandla, i-relay idonsa kwaye iswitshi isebenza.
Abanye abantu bayabuza ukuba yintoni ikhoyili?Jonga kulo mzobo ungentla, iphini loku-1 kunye no-2 zizikhonkwane ezimbini zekhoyili, iphini 3 kunye nephini elingu-5 ngoku zidlule, kwaye iphini 3 kunye nephini lesi-2 azikho.Ukuba uplaga iphini loku-1 kunye no-2, uya kuva isilayidi sicima, kwaye u-pin 3 kunye no-4 bazakucima.
Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukulawula i-on-off yomgca, ungawaphula ngamabomu umgca, isiphelo esinye siqhagamshelwe kwiinyawo ezi-3, enye isiphelo sidityaniswe neenyawo ezi-4, emva koko ngokunika amandla kunye nokucima ikhoyili. , ungalawula i-on-off yomgca.
Ingakanani i-voltage efakwe kwi-pin 1 kunye ne-2 yekhoyili?
Le ngxaki kufuneka ijonge umphambili werelay oyisebenzisayo, njengale ndiyisebenzisayo ngoku, uyabona ukuba yi-05VDC, unganika i-5V kwikhoyili yale relay, kwaye i-relay iya kutsala.
Indlela yokongeza i-coil voltage?Sade safikelela kwinqanaba.
Ungasebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo izandla ezibini ukubamba i-5V kunye ne-GND ucingo ngokuthe ngqo kwizikhonkwane ezimbini zekhoyili yokudlulisa, uya kuva isandi.
Ke simenza njani amandla nge-microcontroller?Siyazi ukuba i-pin ye-microcomputer ye-chip enye inokukhupha i-5V, ngaba ayidityaniswanga ngokuthe ngqo kunye nekhoyili ye-microcomputer pin relay coil enye, ilungile?
Impendulo akunjalo.Kutheni kunjalo?
Isengumthetho kaOhm.
Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa ukuchasana kwekhoyili ye-relay.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuchasana kwekhoyili yam ye-relay malunga ne-71.7 ohms, ukongeza i-voltage ye-5V, okwangoku i-5 ihlukaniswe ngu-71.7 malunga ne-0.07A, eyi-70mA.Khumbula, eyona mveliso iphezulu yepini eqhelekileyo ye-microcomputer yethu yi-10mA yangoku, kwaye eyona mveliso inkulu yephini yangoku yi-20mA yangoku (oku kungabhekisa kwidatabase ye-chip microcomputer enye).
Jonga, nangona i-5V, umthamo wangoku wokuphuma ukhawulelwe, kwaye awukwazi ukufikelela okwangoku kwi-relay yokuqhuba, ngoko ayikwazi ukuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo i-relay.
Kuxa kufuneka ufumanise into ethile.Umzekelo, sebenzisa i-triode S8050 drive.Umzobo wesiphaluka umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Jonga kwi-database ye-S8050, i-S8050 yi-tube ye-NPN, ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo bangoku be-ICE yi-500mA, inkulu kakhulu kune-70mA, ngoko akukho ngxaki ngokupheleleyo kwi-S8050 drive relay.
Ukuba ukhangele umzobo ongentla, i-ICE ikhoyo ngoku ephuma kwi-C ukuya ku-E, ekhoyo ngoku kumgca we-relay coil.I-NPN triode, nantsi iswitshi, i-MCU pin output ye-5V ephezulu, i-ICE kwi-relay iya kutsalwa;I-SCM pin output 0V inqanaba eliphantsi, i-ICE inqunyulwe, i-relay ayidwebi.
Ngendlela efanayo, i-valve ye-solenoid nayo inomthwalo onokuchasana okuncinci kunye namandla amakhulu, kwaye kuyafuneka ukuba ukhethe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuqhuba ngokuhambelana nomthetho we-Ohm ongentla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-12-2023