Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, inani lokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo e-elektroniki kwisixhobo liyanda kancinci, kwaye ukuthembeka kwamacandelo e-elektroniki nako kubekwa phambili kwiimfuno eziphezulu neziphezulu. Amacandelo e-elektroniki asisiseko sezixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo ezisisiseko zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki, ukuthembeka kwayo kuchaphazela ngqo umdlalo opheleleyo wokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo. Ukukunceda ukuqonda okunzulu, lo mxholo ulandelayo unikezelwe kwireferensi yakho.
Inkcazo yokuhlola ukuthembeka:
Ukuhlola ukuthembeka luhlu lweetshekhi kunye neemvavanyo zokukhetha iimveliso ezineempawu ezithile okanye ukuphelisa ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambili kweemveliso.
Uvavanyo lokuthembeka Injongo:
Eyokuqala: Khetha iimveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno.
Ezimbini: phelisa ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambili kweemveliso.
Ukubaluleka kovavanyo lokuthembeka:
Inqanaba lokuthembeka kwebhetshi yamacandelo linokuphuculwa ngokujonga iimveliso zokungaphumeleli kwangoko. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, izinga lokungaphumeleli lingancitshiswa ngesiqingatha ukuya kumyalelo omnye wobukhulu, kunye nemiyalelo emibini yobukhulu.
Iimpawu zokuhlola ukuthembeka:
(1) Luvavanyo olungonakalisi kwiimveliso ezingenaziphene kodwa ezisebenza kakuhle, ngelixa iimveliso ezineziphene ezinokuthi zibangele ukusilela kwazo.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka kuvavanyo lwe-100%, kungekhona ukuhlolwa kwesampuli. Emva kovavanyo lovavanyo, akukho ndlela zintsha zokungaphumeleli kunye neendlela ekufuneka zongezwe kwibhetshi.
(3) Ukuhlola ukuthembeka akukwazi ukuphucula ukuthembeka okungokwemvelo kweemveliso. Kodwa inokuphucula ukuthembeka kwebhetshi.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka ngokubanzi kuqulethe izinto ezininzi zokuvavanya ukuthembeka.
Ulwahlulo lokuhlola ukuthembeka:
Ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka kunokwahlulwa kuhlolo lwesiqhelo kunye nokuhlolwa okukhethekileyo kokusingqongileyo.
Iimveliso ezisetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusingqongileyo zifuna kuphela ukujongwa rhoqo, ngelixa iimveliso ezisetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo zokusingqongileyo kufuneka zijongwe ngokukhethekileyo kokusingqongileyo ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwesiqhelo.
Ukukhethwa kokuhlolwa kwangempela kugqitywe ngokukodwa ngokwendlela yokungaphumeleli kunye nendlela yokwenziwa kwemveliso, ngokwamabakala ahlukeneyo omgangatho, kudityaniswe neemfuno zokuthembeka okanye iimeko zenkonzo yokwenyani kunye nolwakhiwo lwenkqubo.
Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo luhlelwa ngokweempawu zovavanyo:
① Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo: uvavanyo oluncinci kunye novavanyo; Ukuhlolwa kwe-infrared okungonakalisi; PIND. I-X-reyi yokuhlolwa engonakalisi.
② Ukuhlolwa kokutywinwa: ukuntywiliselwa kolwelo ukukhangela ukuvuza; Ukukhangela ukuvuza kweHelium mass spectrometry; ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwe-radioactive tracer; Uvavanyo lovavanyo lokufuma.
(3) Ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwendalo: ukungcangcazela, impembelelo, ukujongwa kwe-centrifugal acceleration; Uvavanyo lokothuka kobushushu.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kobomi: ukuhlolwa kokugcina ukushisa okuphezulu; Ukuhlolwa kokuguga kwamandla.
Ukuhlolwa phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo zokusetyenziswa - ukuhlolwa kwesibini
Ukuhlolwa kwamacandelo kwahlulahlulwe "kwi-primary screening" kunye "nesecondary screening".
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngumenzi wecandelo ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha zemveliso (iinkcazo eziqhelekileyo, iinkcukacha ezicacileyo) zamacandelo ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kumsebenzisi kuthiwa "ukuhlolwa okuphambili".
Uvavanyo kwakhona olwenziwa ngumsebenzisi wecandelo ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa emva kokuthengwa kwempahla kubizwa ngokuba “secondary screening”.
Injongo yokuhlolwa kwesibini kukukhetha amacandelo ahlangabezana neemfuno zomsebenzisi ngokuhlola okanye uvavanyo.
(uvavanyo lwesibini) ububanzi besicelo
Umvelisi wecandelo akalwenzi "uvavanyo lwexesha elinye", okanye umsebenzisi akanalo ukuqonda okuthe ngqo kwezinto "zexesha elinye" kunye noxinzelelo.
Umenzi wecandelo uye waqhuba "ukuhlolwa kwexesha elilodwa", kodwa into okanye uxinzelelo "lokuhlola ixesha elilodwa" alukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho womsebenzisi wecandelo;
Akukho malungiselelo athile ekucacisweni kwamacandelo, kwaye umenzi wecandelo akanalo izinto ezikhethekileyo zokuhlola ezinemiqathango yokuhlola.
Amacandelo afuna ukuqinisekiswa ukuba ngaba umenzi wamacandelo uyenzile "i-screening enye" ngokweemfuno zekhontrakthi okanye iinkcukacha, okanye ukuba ukunyaniseka kwekontraka "yokuhlola enye" kuyathandabuza.
Ukuhlolwa phantsi kweemeko ezikhethekileyo zokusetyenziswa - ukuhlolwa kwesibini
Izinto zovavanyo “zesecondary screening” zinokubhekiswa kwizinto zovavanyo oluphambili kwaye zilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Imigaqo yokumisela ukulandelelana kwezinto zovavanyo lwesibini zezi:
(1) Izinto zovavanyo lwexabiso eliphantsi kufuneka zidweliswe kwindawo yokuqala. Ngenxa yokuba oku kunokunciphisa inani lezixhobo zokuvavanya ixabiso eliphezulu, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa iindleko.
(2) Izinto zokuhlola ezilungiselelwe ngaphambili ziya kulungelelaniswa nokuvezwa kweziphene zamacandelo kwizinto zokugqibela zokuhlola.
(3) Kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokucophelela ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezimbini, ukutywinwa kunye novavanyo lokugqibela lombane, oluza kuqala kwaye luza lwesibini. Emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo lombane, isixhobo sinokungaphumeleli ngenxa yomonakalo we-electrostatic kunye nezinye izizathu emva kovavanyo lokutywinwa. Ukuba imilinganiselo yokukhusela i-electrostatic ngexesha lovavanyo lokutywinwa ifanelekile, uvavanyo lokutywina kufuneka lubekwe lokugqibela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-08-2023
